B.P. 22

How B.P. 22 bouncing-check cases work

B.P. 22 punishes making/drawing a check that is dishonored for insufficient funds or account closed, subject to statutory notice rules.

Elements

Drawing/making a check to apply on account/for value; knowledge of insufficient funds; check dishonored.

Written notice of dishonor and failure to pay within 5 banking days creates a prima facie presumption of knowledge — follow the statute carefully.

Generally where the check was issued, drawn, delivered, or dishonored as case law/statute allow.

Last reviewed November 9, 2026. Laws, rules and Bar Bulletins change; if a source above has been amended or superseded, the official text controls.

Civil collection too?

Often pursued separately or with estafa allegations — counsel needed.

Company checks?

Signatory liability rules are technical — get advice.

ocoai?

Research + demand letter template; not a criminal filing service.