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Civil Code

Civil Code Art. 1229 penalty reduction

Courts may equitably reduce iniquitous penalties.

When

Partial compliance or unconscionable penalty.

Drafting

Extreme daily penalties invite litigation.

ocoai

Penalty flag.

Sources

Last reviewed November 9, 2026. Laws, rules and Bar Bulletins change; if a source above has been amended or superseded, the official text controls.

Civil Code Art. 1229 penalty reduction — FAQ

Is this legal advice?

No — overview only.

Official text?

Start from the official source linked below (https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/).

Case citations?

Overview pages avoid unverified G.R. numbers.

Civil Code Art. 1229 penalty reduction | ocoai